Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 16 de 16
Filter
1.
São Paulo med. j ; 140(2): 284-289, Jan.-Feb. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1366054

ABSTRACT

Abstract BACKGROUND: Primary hyperhidrosis is a condition characterized by excessive sweating, inconsistent with the needs for thermoregulation. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and the change in the quality of life of patients undergoing bilateral VATS (video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy) for treatment of hyperhidrosis, in a large case series. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cohort study conducted in a tertiary hospital specializing in hyperhidrosis located in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: A total of 2,431 patients who underwent surgery consisting of bilateral video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy between January 2000 and February 2017 were retrospectively assessed in an outpatient clinic specializing in hyperhidrosis. The patients underwent clinical and quality of life assessments on two occasions: firstly, prior to surgery, and subsequently, one month after the operation. The presence or absence of compensatory hyperhidrosis (CH) and general satisfaction after the first postoperative month were also evaluated. RESULTS: All the patients operated had poor or very poor quality of life before surgery. In the postoperative period, an improvement in the quality of life was observed in more than 90% of the patients. Only 10.7% of the patients did not present CH, and severe CH occurred in 22.1% of the patients in this sample. CONCLUSION: Bilateral VATS is a therapeutic method that decreases the degree of sweating more than 90% of patients with palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis. It improves the quality of life for more than 90% of the patients, at the expense of development of CH in approximately 90% of the patients, but not intensely.


Subject(s)
Humans , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted/adverse effects , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted/methods , Hyperhidrosis/surgery , Hyperhidrosis/etiology , Quality of Life , Sympathectomy/adverse effects , Sympathectomy/methods , Brazil , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies , Treatment Outcome , Patient Satisfaction
2.
J. bras. pneumol ; 45(1): e20170373, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-984617

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: Minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE) is a surgical treatment for PE. During the procedure, a specialized introducer is used to tunnel across the mediastinum for thoracoscopic insertion of a metal bar. There have been reported cases of cardiac perforation during this risky step. The large introducer can be a dangerous lever in unskilled hands. We set out to determine the safety and feasibility of using regular instruments (i.e., not relying on special devices or tools) to create the retrosternal tunnel during MIRPE. Methods: This was a preliminary study of MIRPE with regular instruments (MIRPERI), involving 28 patients with PE. We recorded basic patient demographics, chest measurements, and surgical details, as well as intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results: Patients undergoing MIRPERI had Haller index values ranging from 2.58 to 5.56. No intraoperative complications occurred. Postoperative complications included nausea/vomiting in 8 patients, pruritus in 2, and dizziness in 2, as well as atelectasis, pneumothorax with thoracic drainage, pleural effusion, and dyspnea in 1 patient each. Conclusions: In this preliminary study, the rate of complications associated with MIRPERI was comparable to that reported in the literature for MIRPE. The MIRPERI approach has the potential to improve the safety of PE repair, particularly for surgeons that do not have access to certain special instruments or have not been trained in their use.


RESUMO Objetivo: O minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE, reparo minimamente invasivo do pectus excavatum) é um tratamento cirúrgico do PE. Durante o procedimento, utiliza-se um introdutor específico a fim de criar um túnel mediastinal para a colocação toracoscópica de uma barra metálica. Já houve casos relatados de perfuração cardíaca durante essa etapa arriscada. O introdutor grande pode ser uma perigosa alavanca em mãos inábeis. Propusemo-nos a determinar a segurança e viabilidade do uso de instrumentos comuns (isto é, sem contar com dispositivos ou ferramentas especiais) para criar o túnel retroesternal durante o MIRPE. Métodos: Estudo preliminar sobre o MIRPE with regular instruments (MIRPERI, MIRPE com instrumentos comuns), envolvendo 28 pacientes com PE. Foram registrados dados demográficos básicos dos pacientes, medições torácicas e detalhes cirúrgicos, bem como complicações intra e pós-operatórias. Resultados: Os pacientes submetidos ao MIRPERI apresentavam índice de Haller entre 2,58 e 5,56. Não ocorreram complicações intraoperatórias. As complicações pós-operatórias incluíram náusea/vômito em 8 pacientes, prurido em 2 e tontura em 2, bem como atelectasia, pneumotórax com drenagem torácica, derrame pleural e dispneia em 1 paciente cada. Conclusões: Neste estudo preliminar, a taxa de complicações associadas ao MIRPERI foi comparável à relatada na literatura para o MIRPE. A abordagem de MIRPERI tem o potencial de melhorar a segurança do reparo do PE, particularmente para cirurgiões que não têm acesso a certos instrumentos especiais ou não foram treinados para utilizá-los.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Thoracoscopy/instrumentation , Funnel Chest/surgery , Postoperative Complications , Sternum/surgery , Thoracoscopy/adverse effects , Thoracoscopy/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Funnel Chest/diagnostic imaging , Intraoperative Complications , Medical Illustration
3.
Radiol. bras ; 51(6): 385-390, Nov.-Dec. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-976753

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the use of pulmonary inhalation-perfusion scintigraphy as an alternative method of investigation and follow-up in patients with bronchopleural fistula (BPF). Materials and Methods: Nine patients with BPFs were treated through the off-label use of a transcatheter atrial septal defect occluder, placed endoscopically, and were followed with pulmonary inhalation-perfusion scintigraphy, involving inhalation, via a nebulizer, of 900-1300 MBq (25-35 mCi) of technetium-99m-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and single-photon emission computed tomography with a dual-head gamma camera. Results: In two cases, there was a residual air leak that was not identified by bronchoscopy or the methylene blue test but was detected only by pulmonary inhalation-perfusion scintigraphy. Those results correlated with the evolution of the patients, both of whom showed late signs of air leak, which confirmed the scintigraphy findings. In the patients with complete resolution of symptoms and fistula closure seen on bronchoscopy, the scintigraphy was completely negative. In cases of failure to close the BPF, the scintigraphy confirmed the persistence of the air leak. In two patients, scintigraphy was the only method to show residual BPF, the fistula no longer being seen on bronchoscopy. Conclusion: We found pulmonary inhalation-perfusion scintigraphy to be a useful tool for identifying a residual BPF, as well as being an alternative method of investigating BPFs and of monitoring the affected patients.


Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a cintilografia por inalação-perfusão pulmonar como método alternativo de investigação e acompanhamento em pacientes com fístula broncopleural (FBP). Materiais e Métodos: Nove pacientes com FBPs foram tratados de forma endoscópica com o uso off label de um oclusor transcateter de defeito do septo interatrial e foram seguidos com cintilografia de inalação-perfusão pulmonar usando tomografia computadorizada por emissão de fóton único com câmera de cintilação de duas cabeças e inalação com 900-1300 MBq (25-35 mCi) de ácido dietilenotriaminopentacético marcado com tecnécio-99m, inserido num nebulizador. Resultados: Broncoscopia e teste de azul de metileno não foram capazes de detectar dois casos de vazamento residual, detectados apenas por cintilografia por inalação-perfusão pulmonar. Esses resultados foram correlacionados com a evolução desses pacientes que tardiamente apresentaram sinais de vazamento de ar confirmando os achados da cintilografia. Pacientes com resolução completa dos sintomas e com aspecto broncoscópico do fechamento da fístula apresentaram cintilografia negativa completa. Em casos de falha no fechamento da FBP, a cintilografia por inalação-perfusão confirmou a persistência da fuga de ar. Em dois pacientes, a cintilografia foi o único método a mostrar FBP residual, apesar da ausência da fístula por avaliação broncoscópica. Conclusão: Neste estudo, a cintilografia de inalação-perfusão pulmonar mostrou ser um instrumento útil para identificar FBP residual e como método alternativo de investigação e seguimento de pacientes com FBPs.

4.
J. bras. pneumol ; 41(1): 90-94, Jan-Feb/2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-741561

ABSTRACT

We report the case of a child with tetraplegia after cervical trauma, who subsequently underwent diaphragmatic pacemaker implantation. We reviewed the major indications for diaphragmatic pacing and the types of devices employed. We highlight the unequivocal benefit of diaphragmatic pacing in the social and educational reintegration of individuals with tetraplegia.


Relatamos o caso de uma criança tetraplégica após trauma cervical que foi posteriormente submetida a implante de marca-passo diafragmático. Revisamos as principais indicações da estimulação diafragmática e os tipos de dispositivos empregados, assim como apontamos o inequívoco benefício da reinserção socioeducacional desses indivíduos na sociedade.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Diaphragm , Electric Stimulation Therapy/instrumentation , Pacemaker, Artificial , Phrenic Nerve , Quadriplegia/complications , Respiration, Artificial/instrumentation , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted , Anesthesia/methods , Electrodes, Implanted , Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Spinal Cord Injuries/complications
5.
Clinics ; 67(11): 1265-1269, Nov. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-656715

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The standard therapy for patients with high-level spinal cord injury is long-term mechanical ventilation through a tracheostomy. However, in some cases, this approach results in death or disability. The aim of this study is to highlight the anesthetics and perioperative aspects of patients undergoing insertion of a diaphragmatic pacemaker. METHODS: Five patients with quadriplegia following high cervical traumatic spinal cord injury and ventilator-dependent chronic respiratory failure were implanted with a laparoscopic diaphragmatic pacemaker after preoperative assessments of their phrenic nerve function and diaphragm contractility through transcutaneous nerve stimulation. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01385384. RESULTS: The diaphragmatic pacemaker placement was successful in all of the patients. Two patients presented with capnothorax during the perioperative period, which resolved without consequences. After six months, three patients achieved continuous use of the diaphragm pacing system, and one patient could be removed from mechanical ventilation for more than 4 hours per day. CONCLUSIONS: The implantation of a diaphragmatic phrenic system is a new and safe technique with potential to improve the quality of life of patients who are dependent on mechanical ventilation because of spinal cord injuries. Appropriate indication and adequate perioperative care are fundamental to achieving better results.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Anesthesia/methods , Diaphragm , Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Pacemaker, Artificial , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Spinal Cord Injuries , Laparoscopy/methods , Perioperative Period , Perioperative Care/methods , Quadriplegia/therapy , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
6.
J. bras. pneumol ; 38(5): 566-572, set.-out. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-656007

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Pacientes com lesão medular cervical alta em geral são dependentes de ventilação mecânica, que, embora salve vidas, está associada a complicações e redução da expectativa de vida devido a infecções respiratórias. A estimulação do diafragma por marca-passo, às vezes chamada de ventilação elétrica, induz a inspiração por estimulação dos músculos inspiratórios. Nosso objetivo foi destacar as indicações e alguns aspectos da técnica cirúrgica empregada no implante laparoscópico dos eletrodos, assim como descrever cinco casos de pacientes tetraplégicos submetidos à técnica. MÉTODOS: A seleção dos pacientes envolveu estudos de condução do nervo frênico por via transcutânea para determinar se os nervos estavam preservados. A abordagem cirúrgica foi laparoscopia clássica, com quatro trocartes. A técnica foi iniciada com o mapeamento elétrico para encontrar os "pontos motores" (pontos de contração máxima do diafragma). Se o mapeamento era bem-sucedido, dois eletrodos eram implantados na face abdominal de cada lado do diafragma para estimular ramos do nervo frênico. RESULTADOS: Dos cinco pacientes, três e um, respectivamente, eram capazes de respirar somente com o uso do marca-passo por períodos superiores a 24 e 6 h, enquanto um não era capaz. CONCLUSÕES: Embora seja necessário um acompanhamento mais longo para chegar a conclusões definitivas, os resultados iniciais são promissores, pois, no momento, a maioria dos nossos pacientes pode permanecer sem ventilação mecânica por longos períodos de tempo.


OBJECTIVE: Patients with high cervical spinal cord injury are usually dependent on mechanical ventilation support, which, albeit life saving, is associated with complications and decreased life expectancy because of respiratory infections. Diaphragm pacing stimulation (DPS), sometimes referred to as electric ventilation, induces inhalation by stimulating the inspiratory muscles. Our objective was to highlight the indications for and some aspects of the surgical technique employed in the laparoscopic insertion of the DPS electrodes, as well as to describe five cases of tetraplegic patients submitted to the technique. METHODS: Patient selection involved transcutaneous phrenic nerve studies in order to determine whether the phrenic nerves were preserved. The surgical approach was traditional laparoscopy, with four ports. The initial step was electrical mapping in order to locate the "motor points" (the points at which stimulation would cause maximal contraction of the diaphragm). If the diaphragm mapping was successful, four electrodes were implanted into the abdominal surface of the diaphragm, two on each side, to stimulate the branches of the phrenic nerve. RESULTS: Of the five patients, three could breathe using DPS alone for more than 24 h, one could do so for more than 6 h, and one could not do so at all. CONCLUSIONS: Although a longer follow-up period is needed in order to reach definitive conclusions, the initial results have been promising. At this writing, most of our patients have been able to remain ventilator-free for long periods of time.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Diaphragm/innervation , Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Respiratory Paralysis/therapy , Spinal Cord Injuries/complications , Implantable Neurostimulators , Respiratory Paralysis/etiology , Treatment Outcome , Ventilator Weaning/methods
7.
J. bras. pneumol ; 38(1): 33-40, jan.-fev. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-617026

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA, punção aspirativa por agulha guiada por ultrassom endobrônquico) é um método novo em diagnóstico e estadiamento linfonodal mediastinal. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os resultados preliminares obtidos com EBUS-TBNA no diagnóstico de lesões e no estadiamento linfonodal mediastinal. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados pacientes com tumores ou adenopatias mediastinais e com diagnóstico ou suspeita de câncer de pulmão. Os procedimentos foram realizados com os pacientes sob sedação ou anestesia geral. O material coletado foi preparado em lâminas fixadas em álcool absoluto para citologia e em formol para bloco de células. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 50 pacientes (30 do sexo masculino), com média de idade de 58,3 ± 13,5 anos. Foram realizadas 201 punções em 81 linfonodos ou massas mediastinais (média de 2,5 punções). O material obtido foi considerado adequado para análise citológica em 37 pacientes (74 por cento), dos quais 21 (57 por cento) foram diagnosticados com malignidade. Nos 16 pacientes remanescentes, 1 teve diagnóstico de tuberculose, 6 tiveram seguimento clínico, e 9 foram submetidos a investigação adicional (2 diagnosticados com neoplasia - resultados falso-negativos). O rendimento do exame foi maior nos procedimentos com objetivo diagnóstico, em pacientes com lesões em múltiplas estações, e nas punções da estação linfonodal subcarinal. Um paciente apresentou sangramento endobrônquico resolvido com medidas locais. Não houve mortalidade na série. CONCLUSÕES: Esta experiência preliminar confirmou que o EBUS-TBNA é procedimento seguro, e que o nosso rendimento diagnóstico, inferior ao da literatura, foi compatível com a curva de aprendizado do método.


OBJECTIVE: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a new method for the diagnosis and staging of mediastinal lymph nodes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the preliminary results obtained with EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis of lesions and mediastinal lymph node staging. METHODS: We evaluated patients with tumors or mediastinal adenopathy, diagnosed with or suspected of having lung cancer. The procedures were performed with the patients under sedation or under general anesthesia. Material was collected by EBUS-TBNA, after which it was prepared on slides, fixed in either absolute alcohol (for cytology) or formalin (for cell-block analysis). RESULTS: We included 50 patients (30 males). The mean age was 58.3 ± 13.5 years. We performed 201 biopsies of 81 lymph nodes or mediastinal masses (mean of 2.5 punctures/biopsy). The quantity of material was considered sufficient for cytology in 37 patients (74 percent), 21 (57 percent) of whom were thus diagnosed with malignancy. Of the remaining 16 patients, 1 was diagnosed with tuberculosis, 6 entered clinical follow-up, and 9 underwent further investigation (2 diagnosed with neoplasm-false-negative results). The yield was higher when the procedure was performed for diagnostic purposes, as well as being higher in patients with lesions in multiple stations and in biopsies involving the subcarinal lymph node station. One patient had endobronchial bleeding, which was resolved with local measures. There were no deaths among the patients evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary experience shows that EBUS-TBNA is a safe procedure. Our diagnostic yield, although lower than that reported in the literature, was consistent with the learning curve for the method.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bronchoscopy/methods , Endosonography/methods , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Lymphatic Diseases/pathology , Mediastinal Neoplasms/pathology , Brazil , Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods , Biopsy, Fine-Needle/standards , Epidemiologic Methods , Lung Neoplasms , Lymphatic Diseases , Mediastinal Diseases/pathology , Mediastinal Diseases , Mediastinal Neoplasms , Mediastinum/pathology , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Ultrasonography, Interventional/methods
8.
Pulmäo RJ ; 20(2): 59-63, 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-607345

ABSTRACT

Este estudo é uma revisão atualizada a respeito das duas técnicas de traqueostomia percutânea disponíveis em nosso meio, expondo suas limitações e sua implicação na prática clínica.A técnica mostrou ser uma opção segura, com baixas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade, e aparentemente com menor incidência de complicações tardias quando comparada à técnica convencional cirúrgica, além da possibilidade de ser realizada à beira do leito, sem a necessidade de submeter um paciente de terapia intensiva a um transporte de risco até o centro cirúrgico. Esses fatos tem feito com que a traqueostomia percutânea seja um procedimento que vem sendo cada vez mais utilizado. Entretanto ainda há necessidade de mais estudos controlados comparando a traqueostomia convencional com a percutânea para definir qual dos métodos é mais benéfico para os pacientes.


This study is an updated review about the two percutaneous tracheostomy techniques available in Brazil, addressing their limitations and clinical implications.The method proved to be a safe option, with low rates of morbidity and mortality, and apparently with a lower incidence of late complications comparedto conventional surgical technique, plus the ability to be performed at the bedside, without theneed to transport a critically ill patient to the surgical ward. Consequently. percutaneous tracheostomy is a procedure that has been more widely used. However there is still need formore controlled studies comparing conventional with percutaneous tracheostomy to define which method is most beneficial for patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tracheostomy , Tracheostomy/instrumentation , Tracheostomy/methods , Tracheostomy/standards , Intraoperative Complications , Mortality , Postoperative Complications , Review
9.
Clinics ; 66(10): 1743-1746, 2011. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-601908

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To compare bar displacement and complication rates in three retrospective series of patients operated on by the same surgical team. METHOD: A retrospective medical chart analysis of the three patient series was performed. In the first series, the original, unmodified Nuss technique was performed. In the second, we used the ''third point fixation'' technique,and in the last series, the correction was performed with modifications to the stabilizer and stabilizer position. RESULTS: There were no deaths in any of the series. Minor complications occurred in six (4.9 percent) patients: pneumothorax with spontaneous resolution (2), suture site infection (2), and bar displacement without the reoperation need (2). Major complications were observed in eight (6.5 percent) patients: pleural effusion requiring drainage (1), foreign body reaction to the bar (1), pneumonia and shock septic (1), cardiac perforation (1), skin erosion/seroma (1), and displacement that necessitated a second operation to remove the bar within the 30 days of implantation (3). All major complications occurred in the first and second series. CONCLUSION: The elimination of fixation wires, the use of shorter bars and redesigned stabilizers placed in a more medial position results in a better outcome for pectus excavatum patients treated with the Nuss technique. With bar displacement and instability no longer significant postoperative risks, the Nuss technique should be considered among the available options for the surgical correction of pectus excavatum in pediatric patients.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Foreign-Body Migration , Funnel Chest/surgery , Internal Fixators , Postoperative Complications , Sternum/surgery , Funnel Chest , Retrospective Studies , Sternum , Treatment Outcome
10.
J. bras. pneumol ; 35(11): 1156-1160, nov. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-533296

ABSTRACT

As fístulas da árvore traqueobrônquica, sejam elas broncopleurais ou traqueoesofágicas, apresentam etiologia multifatorial, com incidência variável na literatura. Em geral, apresentam alta morbidade e mortalidade, com indicação formal de correção cirúrgica. Entretanto, a condição clínica dos pacientes muitas vezes não permite uma reintervenção cirúrgica de grande porte. Além disso, as tentativas de fechamento endoscópico raramente têm sucesso, principalmente em fístulas de grande diâmetro. Relatamos os casos de três pacientes submetidos ao fechamento endoscópico de fístulas, sendo duas maiores que 10 mm, com a aplicação de dispositivos oclusores utilizados na cardiologia intervencionista, de forma minimamente invasiva e com resultados iniciais positivos. Esses dados sinalizam que essa pode ser uma técnica promissora na resolução de fístulas da árvore traqueobrônquica.


Fistulas in the tracheobronchial tree (bronchopleural and tracheoesophageal fistulas) have a multifactorial etiology and present a variable incidence in the literature. In general, the related morbidity and mortality are high. Once such a fistula has been diagnosed, surgical closure is formally indicated. However, the clinical status of affected patients is usually unfavorable, which precludes the use of additional, extensive surgical interventions. In addition, attempts at endoscopic closure of these fistulas have seldom been successful, especially when the fistula is large in diameter. We report the cases of three patients submitted to endoscopic closure of fistulas, two of which were larger than 10 mm in diameter, by means of the insertion of atrial septal defect occluders. The procedure was minimally invasive, and the initial results were positive. The results indicate that this is a promising technique for the resolution of tracheobronchial tree fistulas.


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bronchoscopy , Bronchial Fistula/therapy , Respiratory Tract Fistula/therapy , Septal Occluder Device , Tracheal Diseases/therapy
11.
Clinics ; 64(6): 499-504, June 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-517919

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Esophageal cancer staging has been performed through bronchoscopy, computerized tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). Whereas CT and PET scan provide assessments of distant metastasis, bronchoscopy importantly diagnoses tracheobronchial involvement, complementing chest CT findings. EUS is the most accurate examination for T and N staging but is technically limited when tumoral stenoses cannot be traversed. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) appears to present greater accuracy than EUS, CT, and bronchoscopy for assessing tracheobronchial wall involvement. EBUS has been recently associated with EUS for esophageal cancer staging in our unit. OBJECTIVE: To compare EBUS findings in esophageal cancer patients without evident signs of tracheobronchial invasion on conventional bronchoscopy with EUS and CT. METHODS: Fourteen patients with esophageal cancer underwent CT, conventional bronchoscopy, EUS, and EBUS for preoperative staging. All patients underwent EBUS and EUS with an Olympus® MH-908 echoendoscope at 7.5 MHz. Seven patients were eligible for the study according to the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The echoendoscope could not traverse tumoral esophageal stenosis to perform EUS in two patients, and invasion was effectively diagnosed by EBUS. In 4 (57%) of 7 patients EBUS revealed additional information to staging. In the remaining 3 cases the invasion findings were the same under both EUS and EBUS. CONCLUSION: EBUS showed signs of tracheobronchial invasion not observed by conventional bronchoscopy, adding information to staging in most of the cases when compared with CT and EUS.


Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Middle Aged , Bronchial Neoplasms , Bronchoscopy/methods , Carcinoma , Endosonography/methods , Esophageal Neoplasms , Trachea , Bronchial Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma/pathology , Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm Staging , Trachea/pathology
12.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 23(2): 235-239, abr.-jun. 2008. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-492976

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto que a abertura do sulco interatrial representa em termos de ganho de parede de átrio esquerdo quando da retirada de coração e pulmões para transplante. MÉTODOS: Foi estudada a medida do átrio esquerdo, pela face mediastinal direita, obtida após dissecção do sulco interatrial em 50 cadáveres humanos. O ganho em extensão de parede do átrio esquerdo após a abertura do sulco interatrial foi correlacionado com as variáveis sexo, idade e grupo étnico. RESULTADOS: O ganho obtido através da abertura do sulco interatrial à direita foi, na média, de 1,31 cm (variação de 0,3 cm a 2,5 cm). Quando esse valor foi relacionado à variável sexo, observou-se que nos 27 (54 por cento) casos do sexo masculino o ganho foi de 1,19 cm ± 0,6 cm e, nos 23 (46 por cento) do sexo feminino, o ganho foi de 1,21 cm ± 0,5 cm (p = 0,895). Em relação à idade, observou-se que nos 24 (48 por cento) casos com idade menor do que 50 anos o valor foi de 1,08 cm ± 0,6 cm e, nos 26 (52 por cento) com idade maior ou igual a 50 anos, 1,36 cm ± 0,6 cm (p = 0,088). Em relação ao grupo étnico, observou-se que o valor do ganho nos 31 (62 por cento) casos de brancos foi de 1,34 cm ± 0,5 cm e, nos 19 (38 por cento) de pacientes não-brancos, 1,27 cm ± 0,4 cm (p =0,589). CONCLUSÃO: Embora não haja correlação entre o ganho obtido com o sulco interatrial dissecado e as variáveis sexo, idade e grupo étnico, nossos resultados confirmam que a abertura do sulco interatrial pode propiciar acesso a uma extensão significativa de parede atrial esquerda na separação do coração dos pulmões.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the interatrial sulcus opening regarding of left atrium gain when harvesting heart and lungs for transplantation. METHODS: It was evaluated the left atrium dimension, from the right mediastinal side, after the interatrial sulcus dissection in fifty human cadaver. The interatrial sulcus gain was related with gender, age and ethnic group. RESULTS: The gain observed through right interatrial opening was, in media, 1.31cm (0.3 cm to 2.5cm). When that value was related to the variable gender it was observed that in the 27 (54 percent) cases of the male the earnings was 1.19 cm ± 0.6 cm and, in the 23 (46 percent) female, 1.21 cm ± 0.5 cm (p = 0.895). In relation to age, it was observed that, in the 24 (48 percent) cases with smaller age than 50 years, the value was 1.08 cm +0.6 cm and, in the 26 (52 percent) with larger age or same to 50 years, 1.36 cm ± 0.6cm (p = 0.088). In relation to ethnic group, it was observed that the value of the earnings in the 31 (62 percent) cases of whites it was 1.34 cm ± 0.5 cm and, in the 19 (38 percent) non white, 1.27 cm ± 0.4 cm (p = 0.589). CONCLUSION: Heart grafts and lung grafts must be harvested maintaining adequate segments of left atrium near the heart and the pulmonary veins of the lungs that will be transplanted. Although there is no correlation between the observed gain in the interatrial sulcus dissection and the variables gender, age and ethnic group, our results confirm that the interatrial sulcus opening can give access to significant extension of left atrium wall when separating heart and lungs.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Dissection/methods , Heart-Lung Transplantation , Myocardium , Tissue and Organ Harvesting , Age Factors , Cadaver , White People , Heart Atria/anatomy & histology , Heart Atria/surgery , Sex Factors , Young Adult
13.
J. bras. pneumol ; 33(3): 241-247, maio-jun. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-461985

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prótese Polyflex® quanto à sua eficácia, facilidade de implantação e complicações em pacientes com afecções traqueobrônquicas. MÉTODOS: Foram acompanhados, prospectivamente, dezesseis pacientes com estenoses traqueais secundárias à intubação orotraqueal (n = 12), neoplasia (n = 3) e granulomatose de Wegener (n = 1), não candidatos a tratamento cirúrgico. Desses, onze eram mulheres e cinco eram homens, com idade média de 42,8 anos (intervalo de 21 a 72 anos). Os pacientes foram submetidos à implantação de um total de 21 próteses Polyflex®. Os procedimentos foram realizados no centro cirúrgico, sob anestesia geral e as próteses implantadas através de laringoscopia de suspensão e aplicador próprio. RESULTADOS: Em todos os casos foi possível implantar a prótese e observamos resolução de sintomas. Os pacientes permaneceram com a prótese por tempo médio de 7,45 meses, variando entre 2 e 18 meses. As complicações pós-operatórias imediatas observadas foram disfonia em dois pacientes (12,5 por cento) e odinofagia em dois pacientes (12,5 por cento). As complicações tardias foram tosse em dez pacientes (62,5 por cento), migração em sete pacientes (43,75 por cento), formação de granulomas em dois pacientes (12,5 por cento) e pneumonia em um paciente (6,25 por cento). CONCLUSÃO: A prótese Polyflex® é fácil de implantar e retirar, é bem tolerada e efetiva na resolução dos sintomas, porém, está associada a alto índice de migração, principalmente em estenoses pós-intubação orotraqueal.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Polyflex® stent in terms of its efficacy, ease of implantation, and complications in patients with tracheobronchial affections. METHODS: This was a prospective study, in which sixteen patients with inoperable tracheal stenosis secondary to orotracheal intubation (n = 12), neoplasia (n = 3), or Wegener's granulomatosis (n = 1) were monitored. Of these patients, eleven were women, and five were men. The mean age was 42.8 years (range, 21-72 years). Patients were submitted to implantation of a total of 21 Polyflex® stents. All procedures were carried out in the operating room under general anesthesia, and the stents were implanted via suspension laryngoscopy using the stent applicator. RESULTS: Stents were implanted and symptoms were resolved in all cases. The stents remained in place for a mean period of 7.45 months, ranging from 2 to 18 months. The complications observed in the immediate postoperative period were dysphonia (in two patients, 12.5 percent) and odynophagia (in two patients, 12.5 percent). Late complications were cough (in ten patients, 62.5 percent), migration (in seven patients, 43.75 percent), granuloma formation (in two patients, 12.5 percent), and pneumonia (in one patient, 6.25 percent). CONCLUSION: The Polyflex® stent is easily implanted, easily removed, well tolerated by patients and effective in resolving symptoms. However, its use is associated with a high rate of migration, especially in patients with post-orotracheal intubation stenosis.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Silicones , Stents/standards , Tracheal Stenosis/therapy , Cough/etiology , Follow-Up Studies , Foreign-Body Migration/etiology , Prospective Studies , Stents/adverse effects , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Tracheal Stenosis/etiology
15.
J. pneumol ; 28(5): 277-280, set.-out. 2002. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-352741

ABSTRACT

Uma paciente em crise aguda de asma, refratária ao uso de beta2-agonista inalatório e intravenoso, aminofilina intravenosa e corticóide, em ventilação mecânica, foi tratada com métodos terapêuticos não convencionais: broncoscopia, lavado broncoalveolar com N-acetilcisteína e ventilação com halotano. Houve melhora dos parâmetros ventilatórios após o lavado e a resolução do broncoespasmo ocorreu após a anestesia, propiciando a extubação e alta da UTI. É feita uma revisão da literatura sobre o uso desses métodos na crise aguda de asma


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Acetylcysteine/administration & dosage , Asthma/therapy , Halothane/administration & dosage , Acute Disease , Bronchoscopy , Respiration, Artificial , Treatment Outcome
16.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 47(3): 125-7, maio-jun. 1992.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-120817

ABSTRACT

A broncoscopia atraves do broncofibroscopio vem sendo cada vez mais utilizada como elemento diagnostico e terapeutico em inumeras situacoes clinicas, sendo um exame de facil execucao desde que os procedimentos anestesicos sejam adequados. A anestesia topica acompanhada de sedacao permite exames em regime ambulatorial com seguranca e conforto para os pacientes. Neste artigo descrevemos a metodologia que consideramos mais adequada para anestesia das vias aereas superiores, e que consiste basicamente na puncao transtraqueal para injecao de uma solucao de lidocaina diretamente na luz traqueal, o que permite uma anestesia eficiente, com uma dose minima de anestesico, com o maximo de seguranca e conforto para o paciente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthesia, Local , Bronchoscopy , Anesthetics, Local
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL